Crypto On The Quebecois Stage: Unraveling The Secrets Of Success - Hyperspectral and Geochemical Analysis of Chlorites in the Gongchangling High-Grade Magnetite Deposit, NE China: Implications for Metamorphic Processes.
Mineral Chemistry of Pyrochlore Supergroup Minerals from the Boziguoer Nb-Ta-Zr-Rb-REE Deposit, NW China: Implications for Nb Enrichment by Alkaline Magma Differentiation.
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Submission received: 31 March 2022 / Revised: 4 May 2022 / Accepted: 10 May 2022 / Issued: 14 May 2022
(This article is for the Special Issue Minerals of Alkaline Igneous Rocks: Chemical and Isotopic Features as Tracers of Magmatic Processes)
Crypto- and microcrystalline hydrothermal zircon aggregates found in peralkaline granites from the Corupá Pluton of "A-type" granites and syenites in Graciosa Province, Southern Brazil, and these are known for their morphological , textural and geochemical (major, minor and trace elements. , and Lu-Hf isotopes) properties. Aggregates have been found to show common types, such as dendritic, oolitic, botryoidal and spherulitic, and they are associated with common hydrothermal minerals (alkali-feldspars, quartz, fluorite, epidote-group minerals, phyllosilicates and Fe oxides) in the micro. - small miarolitic fractures and cavities in the host rock. They have flowed directly from a hydrothermal fluid and, compared to the magmatic zircon crystals from the host, have been found to have a higher level of "non-formula" elements (such as Fe, Al, and Ca) and with HFSEs (High-Field- Strong elements), namely L- and MREE (Light and Medium Rare Earth Elements), typical features of hydrothermal zircon, and high Th/U ratios, although the Lu-Hf isotopic signatures appear to be similar. The formation of zircon aggregates and associated epidote-group minerals may be due to the interaction between an orthomagmatic, F-bearing, HFSE-carrying fluid with the host-rock and/or and an external meteoritic fluid from continental rocks. The preservation of a Zr-silicate compound such as amorphous and crypto-to-microcrystalline zircon forms is argued to be related to inadequate water solubility and/or elemental diffusion in a low oxidizing environment.
, is a very stable accessory mineral in most crustal environments and is therefore widespread in the rocks and sediments of the Earth's crust. The elemental and isotopic composition of zircon provides important insights into the geochronology and petrology of igneous and metamorphic rocks, provenance studies of sedimentary rocks and sediments, and (therefore) evolution. Globalization in general [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]. In magmatic systems, dissolved zircon saturation, Ti-in-zircon thermometry, and oxibarometry related to Ce and Eu oxidation states and/or anomalies allow the determination of strong crystallization units [8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13. ], while its elemental—namely HFSEs (High-Field-Strength Elements, including REEs, Rare Earth Elements)—and O a with Hf isotopic composition provides important information about magma sources and evolution [14, 15, 16, 17]. Zircon is the main element of zirconium oxide (ZrO
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), is an important refractory material, and Zr alloys have many applications in modern technology; In addition, zircon also provides beautiful stones [18]. Therefore, this mineral has become one of the most studied auxiliary minerals from the Earth's crust.
Low-grade hydrothermal zircon occurs in a variety of terrestrial environments. It can be dissolved directly from a liquid phase as isolated crystals or crystalline groups (1), to increase the growth on primary zircon crystals of magmatic or metamorphic origin (2), to replace other mineral particles (3), or the product of dissolution-re- precipitation or diffusion-rection processes (4) resulting from reactions involving zircon crystals initial and final (usually aqueous and acidic) water levels [1, 19, 20, 21, 22]. Comparison of the former with hydrothermal zircon in magmatic and metamorphic rocks is important for accurate U-Pb dating and determination and comparison of crystallization conditions and signatures. first geochemical [14, 19, 23, 24, 25]. On the other hand, hydrothermal zircon for U-Pb can be correlated and provide information about the development of hydrothermal systems and related mining processes [12, 26, 27].
Zircon U-Pb interaction is one of the strongest geochronological types, so many studies on hydrothermal zircon have been done on the effects of hydrothermal processes on the U-Pb systems of igneous rocks and metamorphic and their results. Some features, such as the "spongy" texture caused by many minute "inclusions" and micro- or nano-cavities hitting a porous structure common to the crystals [1, 19 , 23], lobate shape, crystal mass intersecting the base. primary micro-structures, and high concentrations of so-called "non-formula" elements (such as Fe, Al and Ca) and LREEs are often associated with hydrothermal processes [20, 28]. However, it is not easy to distinguish the primary source from the hydrothermal zircon in some cases, and what is most dependent is the associated mineral assemblage [ 19 , 23 , 29 ].
In this study, the presence of crypto- and microcrystalline zircon aggregates closely associated with hydrothermal mineral particles in a peralkaline granite from Graciosa Province, South-Southeast Brazil is described [ 30 ]. Series, textural, geochemical (major-, minor-, and trace element) and Lu-Hf isotope data are presented. The mineral paragenesis, different morphology, shapes and microstructures show that they dissolved directly from a liquid phase at low temperatures, that is, with inadequate elemental diffusion-prevented the growth of large euhedral crystals Yes.
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The studied rock comes from the Corupá Pluton (Figure 1), a Neoproterozoic (ca. 580 Ma, [25, 31]) occurrence of the alkaline petrographic group of "A-type" granites and syenites in Graciosa Province, South-Southeast Brazil. [30]. The pluton is obscure and includes Archaean granulitic rocks from the Luis Alves microplate. A shallow inclusion of mostly metaluminous, leucocratic, SiO
Oversaturated alkali-feldspar syenites and alkali-feldspar quartz syenites, with subordinate alkali-feldspar granites. Granites occur as small bodies in the central parts of the plutons and represent the last products, probably due to magmatic fracture and pressure-filtering processes producing the first trachytic-like melts [ 32 , 33].
Hydrothermal zircon fragments are found in a unique granite sample from the northern part of the pluton (sample CO-2A). The stone is homogeneous and slightly red, with a large shape and a hypidiomorphic texture. It is leucocratic and mesoperthitic alkali-feldspar, quartz and some interstitial sodic-calcic and sodic amphiboles. Ilmenite, chevkinite, zircon, and minor titanite, apatite, and sphalerite are the main minerals, while albite, K-feldspar, quartz, Fe-rich biotite and chlorite, fluorite, epidote-group minerals (allanite- (Ce), ferriallanite -(Ce), epidote and ferriepidote), zircon, and minute magnetite, hematite, and galena are the main hydrothermal minerals [34]. From a geochemical perspective, the rock contains SiO
Qualitative and quantitative and isotopic data and images were obtained for primary and hydrothermal zircon crystals and crypto- and microcrystalline aggregates in thin sections (30 and 80 μm) on the GeoAnalitica and with the Geochronological Research Center of the University of São Paulo. After conventional optical analysis under a petrographic microscope, cathodoluminescence (CL), electron probe micro-analyzer (EPMA) and laser ablation inductively coupled mass spectrometry (quadrupole, LA-ICPMS and multi-channel LA-MC-ICPMS) were performed as follows.
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Normal Cl images of the hydrothermal aggregates were obtained with a Nuclide ELM-3R luminoscope (Nuclide Corporation, Acton, MA, USA) operating with a 15 kV accelerating voltage and a 0.5 μA beam current.
EPMA was performed with JXA-8600S and JXA-FE-8530 instruments (JEOL Ltd., Tokio, Japan) and included backscattered electrons (BSE, compositional mode), imaging, qualitative and quantitative spot analysis by energy- and wavelength. - dispersive spectrometry (EDS and WDS, respectively), and WDS x-ray dot mapping. Spot WDS calculations were conducted under analytical conditions of 20 kV, 50 nA, and 5 μm for column accelerating voltage, beam current, and diameter. The elements analyzed, specific lines and standards, from the Smithsonian and the department's local collections, are as follows: Si (Kα, zircon), Th (Mα, ThSiO
*), Fe (Kα, hematite), Mn (Kα, Mn-olivine), Mg (Kα, diopside), Ca (Kα, diopside), Na (Kα, jadeite), K (Kα, microcline), P (Kα , CePO
*) and Nb (Lα, mixed with Nb*), where (*) stands for synthetic particles. The number of counting times, equally distributed between the peak and the end, varies from 10 to 50s; Matrix results were processed with PROZA software [35]. Specific issues have been resolved on the U, Er and Yb lines
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