"designing Sustainable Spaces: Landscape Architecture Degrees In The Usa" - The definition of public space, consulting a dictionary, is as follows: “The space above or below public areas, namely streets and squares, whose occupation is subject to a special fee in favor of the Municipality or another entity”. In turn, decomposable into two terms, space reports “The field available to objects of reality as they are considered identified by a location or position, with dimensions and susceptible to displacement”, while public proposes three declensions depending on their meaning: 1) “Concerning the area to which the rights or interests of a civilly ordered community belong or refer”; 2) “The community understood as a social totality”; 3) “The set of persons currently or potentially participating or present”.
From these definitions it can be deduced that public space is based on two main components. One of them, the space, is therefore, architecturally speaking, the physicality of the place, the set of voids created by the buildings, in which the second element, the public, circulates and interacts. The latter represents the mobile component and a variable that “potentially” should be taken into account. The “susceptibility to displacement” is the key on which a reflection on urban spaces that lasts more than twenty years is established.
"designing Sustainable Spaces: Landscape Architecture Degrees In The Usa"
About these questions, B. Cannon Ivers, landscape architect, researcher, Director of LDA Design and scholarship professor at the Bartlett School of Landscape Architecture, put the reflection at the base of his book
Urban Space As A Catalyst For Social Sustainability :: Future Architecture
. Although the issues addressed are based on a thorough research into the design approach to urban spaces and the consequent scientific production produced from around 1960 onwards, the beginning of his interest in this subject has more poetic roots. A move from a small town in Colorado to the sprawling metropolis of London. A radical change in perspective and space, accentuated by cycling, thus observing the continuous change in the conformation of places in the city. From there, an accurate documentation began, which led Ivers to focus on a new need for designers: to create spaces that allow adaptation over time to changes, intertwining and overlapping.
The key to achieving this type of public space lies in two fundamental concepts: flexibility and activation. Flexibility concerns the adaptability of space, its propensity to accommodate situations, events, manifestations of different nature. Flexibility is also closely linked to the type of use of the public space, it depends on the number of people and their interests. Activation concerns the ability to “light up” a space, to make it vital through participatory processes, involving possible users, actively proposing new uses. The author suggests in the title a very interesting interpretation, the “staging” of urban landscapes, a concept beyond the more usual “design”. Thus, the need arises to change the paradigm, moving from the “act of designing” to the “design process”, that is, from a rigid system that offers a crystallized conformation to a dynamic system that fluidly adapts to the needs and passage of time. of days.
Public space becomes not a place fixed in time, immutable, defined by a single purpose and function (the market square, the street of artists, the monumental square, etc.), but a heterogeneous and multifunctional “theatre”, where the actors are passers-by, artists, shopkeepers. The realization of this passage of concepts is conditioned to some factors pointed out by Ivers: curiosity, which leads people to become interested in a space that is already an object of interest to other people; anticipation, the creation of expectation about an event; the psychological aspect related to the ephemeral, the tendency to modify the impression about an event or a space at the moment when “it is and will no longer be”.
It consists of several essays, outlining ways to proceed with the activation of urban spaces, focusing on aspects that concern, namely, programmability and flexibility, defining a new approach that favors spatial performance over static aesthetics. The reflections, numerous and proposed not only by Cannon Ivers, but also by designers and researchers of the caliber of Alex Wall, Chris Reed, Nicola Dempsey, Chris Wangro, Sergio Lopez-Pineiro, Adriaan Geuze, James Corner and others, give rise to a rich inventory of completed projects, all based on the principles exposed so far. In addition to a precise description of the genesis of the projects, activation methods are discussed, proposing a history made up of events and programs, as is the case of Potters Fields Park, in London, or the Navy Yard Central Green, in Philadelphia.
Urban Escape By Design
In many cases urban spaces are treated with such a high vocation for change that they are redesigned from time to time by different architects, artists, landscape architects. This is the case of the courtyard of the MOMA PS1 museum in New York, the Serpentine Pavilion in London or the Place des Festivals and the Promenade des Artistes in Montreal.
Places where art and entertainment come together, where the requests and conditions that characterize the composition of the space vary from year to year. Places that do not lose their identity with change, but reinforce it, clearly showing that it is the symptom of our time, the desire to experiment and the tension that leads to the unpredictable choice of “trying”, “trying”, “fascinating" The descriptions are supported by an important iconographic apparatus, composed of photographs and diagrams that facilitate the understanding of the mechanics of the projects.
The reflections collected in this volume place an important milestone in the increasingly heated debate on urban landscapes, spaces of public life, and indicate a path that is projected into the future to adapt the design approach, or rather, the “theatrical approach” to the project. of public space, avoiding the mistake of proposing urban gaps to be filled according to needs.
James Corner writes in the afterword: “This wonderfully creative and instructive book speaks to the diversity of social occasions that can occur in various public spaces across the city. There are many examples in this book of colorful appropriations of inventive installations, activations, and curated programs, but the truly exceptional examples are those that marry uniquely designed places with creative programming. Truly grand and timeless places highlight a powerful synergy between the projected setting and the wide variety of experiences the space can then support, often specific to location, environment and culture. This reciprocity is essential for good design and for the artistic enrichment of diverse urban cultures, and this book is a testament to the powerful appeal of good design, artistic curation and local identity formation.” A book that any student of architecture, landscaping, urban planning should have in their personal library and, in any case, a gem for anyone interested in urban space and cityscapes. The Mobius Project is dedicated to revolutionizing the food production industry by taking what we need the least, throwing it away and turning it into what we need so much more, locally grown low-carbon nutritious food. Preview: Filippo Previtali
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[ publishes a series of perspectives on the transition to a clean economy. The opinions expressed in this article do not necessarily reflect the views of .]
Nature had a 3.8 billion year head start on humans in learning to solve complex challenges. Humans have been imitating the natural world to solve the complexities and challenges of the built environment for millennia – from ancient Indian rock-cut architecture in 6000 BC to Gothic cathedrals.
With growing awareness of how urbanization, industrialization and runaway economic growth are affecting our world, we must look to nature for sustainable solutions.
Modern building techniques are material intensive and polluting – they are responsible for around a quarter of Earth system change and 40% of global greenhouse gas emissions. And with an area the size of Paris being built every week, we need to do better.
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The latest report by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change has issued yet another dire warning and draws attention to the critical role of the built environment in mitigating climate change. The construction industry has the power to shape a more resilient and nature-friendly economy, and nature can show us how: from the city level to the building design level and the level of materials and components, there is a wealth of of examples to learn from.
The Mobius project's futuristic-looking greenhouse shows exactly what cities need right now: a way to manage a city's infrastructure system – from waste treatment to the water system, for example – through a circular economy approach of closed circuit.
Iguana Architects, the project's creators, modeled this after oak, one of nature's shining examples that has the potential to reuse its production resources such as materials, energy and water, therefore acting as a closed-loop system. and conserving resources. By mimicking a natural ecosystem, Mobius rethinks water treatment, power generation and waste management. Biological waste, for example, is turned into locally grown food, reducing the distances food travels – or it is turned into methane to generate electricity for the greenhouse.
Many cities struggle to grow their own food – particularly those in drier regions. The Sahara Forest Project is trying to create life in one of the most
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